Through the Nozzle, Five Years Later: Additive Manufacturing and Modern Architecture

Through the Nozzle: Five Years Later examines construction-scale additive manufacturing as a design methodology rather than a fabrication technique. Originally completed in 2020 as a graduate thesis at NewSchool of Architecture and Design, this revised 2025 edition argues that 3D printing at architectural scale is most significant for the way it reorganizes how architects think about materials, structure, and the building process from the ground up. The work proposes a four-phase framework (Combine, Model, Apply, and Adapt) that architects and engineers can use to evaluate and deploy additive manufacturing across the full arc of a project. This framework is tested through the design of a 500-foot residential high-rise in downtown San Diego, using a modular construction system printed and assembled on-site. Written for architects, engineers, construction professionals, and students of emerging building technology, the book bridges academic research and professional practice. Read more